Signs on the music
Signs on a note
| Sign | Name and meaning |
|---|---|
| a dot | staccato: short and detached |
| > | accent: play the note with emphasis |
| an arc over a dot | pause: hold the note longer than its written value |
| a hat (^) | strong accent: a strong accent, stronger than an ordinary accent (new) |
| a wedge | staccatissimo: very short and detached (new) |
| a short line | tenuto: held for its full value, slightly stressed (new) |
| a dot and a line | semi-staccato: slightly detached, a little separated (new) |
Signs across the music
- Slur: play the notes smoothly. Tie: one sound across two notes of the same pitch.
- Hairpins: crescendo (opening) and diminuendo (closing).
- Common time (C) is 4/4; alla breve (C with a line through it) is 2/2.
- Metronome mark: the number of beats in a minute.
- Repeat marks: play the music between them again.
- First and second time bars: play the first-time bar, repeat, then skip to the second-time bar.
- 8va over the notes: play them an octave higher than written.
- A multi-bar rest: rest for the number of bars written over it.